Vitreoretinal surgery is a type of eye surgery that involves the removal or repair of the vitreous and the retina, which are the gel-like and light-sensitive parts of the eye respectively. Vitreoretinal surgery can treat various eye conditions that affect the back of the eye, such as:

• Bleeding inside the eye due to diabetes, trauma, or other causes.

• Retinal detachment, which is when the retina separates from the back wall of the eye.

• Epiretinal membrane, which is a thin layer of scar tissue that forms over the macula and distorts vision.

• Macular hole, which is a small break in the macula that causes blurred or distorted central vision.

• Infections or inflammation inside the eye.

• Foreign bodies or injuries inside the eye.

• Cataracts, which are cloudy areas in the lens of the eye that impair vision.

 

The most common vitreoretinal procedure is called vitrectomy, which involves making small incisions in the white part of the eye (sclera) and inserting tiny instruments to remove the vitreous and replace it with a clear fluid, gas, or silicone oil. This allows the surgeon to access and repair the retina if needed. Sometimes, other procedures such as laser treatment or scleral buckling may be performed along with vitrectomy to fix any problems with the retina.

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Vitreoretinal surgery is usually performed under local or general anesthesia, depending on the patient’s preference and medical condition. The surgery may take from 30 minutes to several hours, depending on the complexity and extent of the problem. The recovery time may vary from a few days to several weeks, depending on the type of surgery and the patient’s healing process. Some possible risks and complications of vitreoretinal surgery include:

• Infection or bleeding inside the eye

• Increased pressure inside the eye (glaucoma)

• Cataract formation or worsening

• Retinal detachment or re-detachment

• Loss of vision or visual field

 

Vitreoretinal surgery is a highly specialized and delicate procedure that requires an experienced and skilled surgeon. It can restore, preserve, or improve vision for many people who suffer from serious eye conditions that affect the vitreous and retina. However, it is not a cure for all eye problems and it may not restore normal vision in some cases. The outcome of vitreoretinal surgery depends on many factors, such as:

• The type and severity of the eye condition.

• The duration and extent of the damage to the eye.

• The patient’s age and general health.

• The patient’s compliance with post-operative instructions and follow-up care.

 

If you are considering vitreoretinal surgery, you should consult with Dr Meha Kantha or a vitreoretinal specialist to discuss your options, expectations, risks, and benefits. You should also ask any questions you may have about the procedure and prepare yourself mentally and physically for the surgery and recovery. Vitreoretinal surgery can be a life-changing experience for many people who suffer from vision loss due to vitreous or retinal disorders.